In some dialects, however, thou has persisted,[38] and in others thou is retained for poetic and/or literary use. Lord, behold, he whom thou lovest is sick. Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers, NT Gospels: John 21:16 He said to him again a second (Jhn Jo Jn). Verse 16. The word "thou" has been reported in the North Northern Scots Cromarty dialect as being in common use in the first half of the 20th century and by the time of its extinction only in occasional use.[46]. Like his contemporaries William Shakespeare uses thou both in the intimate, French-style sense, and also to emphasize differences of rank, but he is by no means consistent in using the word, and friends and lovers sometimes call each other ye or you as often as they call each other thou,[29][30][31] sometimes in ways that can be analysed for meaning, but often apparently at random. This usage often shows up in modern parody and pastiche[37] in an attempt to make speech appear either archaic or formal. The forms thou and thee are often transposed. One verse per line Red Letter Cross References Footnotes Strongs Numbers Hide Verse Numbers Close. While in Hamlet, Shakespeare uses discordant second person pronouns to express Hamlet's antagonism towards his mother. Alex Turner, the band's lead singer, has also often replaced words with "tha knows" during live versions of the songs. John 21:4-19. Psalm 88:5 Psalm 88 Psalm 88:7. Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Singular, Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular. A cognate form of this pronoun exists in almost every other Indo-European language. Now that their stomachs were full, and he had their attention, he turned to Peter and said, "Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me more than these?" 2 (It was that Mary which anointed the Lord with ointment, and wiped his feet with her hair, whose brother Lazarus was sick.) • Marriage—“Live joyfully with the wife whom thou lovest all the days of the life of thy vanity, which he hath given thee under the sun, all the days of thy vanity: for that is thy portion in this life, and in thy labour which thou takest under the sun” (Eccl. Deut. The apparent incongruity between the archaic nominative, objective and genitive forms of this pronoun on the one hand and the modern possessive form on the other may be a signal that the linguistic drift of Yorkshire dialect is causing tha to fall into disuse; however, a measure of local pride in the dialect may be counteracting this. But here they are threatened to be brought upon his enemies as tokens of his wrath, and designed for their ruin. Lovest Thou Me More Than These. O admirable Mother, present me to thy dear Son as His eternal slave, so that as He has redeemed me by thee, by thee He may receive me! Probably neuter of a presumed derivative of probaino; something that walks forward, i.e., a sheep. Keeping the commands of Jesus begins with recognizing what they are. This is most readily observed in German: liebes du → liebstu → liebst du (lovest thou).[7]. (a) I say, speak; I mean, mention, tell, (b) I call, name, especially in the pass., (c) I tell, command. Scripture Formatting. He said to him again the second time, Simon, son of Jonas, love you me? [36] In The Empire Strikes Back, Darth Vader addresses the Emperor with the words: "What is thy bidding, my master?" View Study Resources . The word thou / ð aʊ / is a second-person singular pronoun in English.It is now largely archaic, having been replaced in most contexts by you.It is used in parts of Northern England and in Scots (/ðu/). What do you love most of all? Although the practice never took root in Standard English, it occurs in dialectal speech in the north of England. [21] This was started at the beginning of the Quaker movement by George Fox, who called it "plain speaking", as an attempt to preserve the egalitarian familiarity associated with the pronoun. I therefore was in fear of the glory of God, and did not follow to worship. He saith unto him, Yea, Lord; thou knowest that I … What is this proposal, that ye compel me … He saith unto Him, Yea, Lord; Thou knowest that I love Thee. Jesus asked him again, a second time, “Simon, son of John, do you love me?” Peter answered him, “Yes, Lord, you know that I love you.” Jesus told him, “Take care of my sheep.” GNT. He said unto him, Yea, Lord, thou knowest that I love thee. [3] In the 17th century, thou fell into disuse in the standard language, often regarded as impolite, but persisted, sometimes in an altered form, in regional dialects of England and Scotland,[4] as well as in the language of such religious groups as the Society of Friends. This is the question that became very personal to me, too, that day. [16] He saith to him again the second time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me? A primary particle of strong affirmation; yes. 5 Then Jesus saith unto them, Children, have ye any meat? 1 Timothy 5:18 For the scripture saith, Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn. "O FRIEND! It persisted, sometimes in an altered form, particularly in regional dialects of England and Scotland farther from London,[4] as well as in the language of such religious groups as the Society of Friends. All forms of thou appear in in-game dialogues of the Souls video game series. Joh 21:15 Simon, [son] of Jonas, lovest thou me more than these? ... and consequently of the divine authority of the scripture. Although Shakespeare is far from consistent in his writings, his characters primarily tend to use thou (rather than you) when addressing another who is a social subordinate, a close friend, or a hated wrongdoer.[16]. Psalm 100:3 Know ye that the LORD he is God: it is he that hath made us, and not we ourselves; we are his people, and the sheep of his pasture. Thou is the nominative form; the oblique/objective form is thee (functioning as both accusative and dative), the possessive is thy (adjective) or thine (as an adjective before a vowel or as a pronoun) and the reflexive is thyself. In rural North Lancashire between Lancaster and the North Yorkshire border tha is preserved in colloquial phrases such as "What would tha like for thi tea?" The subjunctive forms are used when a statement is doubtful or contrary to fact; as such, they frequently occur after if and the poetic and. 9 For all this I considered in my heart even to declare all this, that the righteous, and the wise, and their works, are in the hand of God: no man knoweth either love or hatred by all that is before them. from -es to modern English -est, which took place separately at around the same time in the closely related German and West Frisian languages, is understood to be caused by an assimilation of the consonant of the pronoun, which often followed the verb. This began with the practice of addressing kings and other aristocrats in the plural. Video! One notable consequence of the decline in use of the second person singular pronouns thou, thy, and thee is the obfuscation of certain sociocultural elements of Early Modern English texts, such as many character interactions in Shakespeare's plays, which were mostly written from 1589 to 1613. Icelandic þú ert. Another might say, I LOVE GOOD HEALTH. Starting in the 1300s, thou and thee were used to express familiarity, formality, contempt, for addressing strangers, superiors, inferiors, or in situations when indicating singularity to avoid confusion was needed; concurrently, the plural forms, ye and you began to also be used for singular: typically for addressing rulers, superiors, equals, inferiors, parents, younger persons, and significant others.

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