7 ECE 410, Prof. F. Salem/Prof. Q8. Rp is the required return for my portfolio. Influence of βn / βp on the VTC characteristics: Figure: Effect of βn/βp ratio change on the DC characteristics of CMOS inverter. Hence, it is clear that pseudo NMOS is a type … ... n then L W L W ... can get betas equal by making Wp larger than Wn. ratio of βn/βp If βn/βp = 1, then switching point is Vdd/2 If W/L of both N and P transistors are equal Then βn/βp = μ n/ μ p = electron mobility / hole mobility This ratio is usually between 2 and 3 Means ratio of W ptree/W ntree needs to be between 2 and 3 for βn/βp= 1 For this class, we’ll use W ptree/W ntree = … Rp = Rf + βp x (rm minus rf). Typical efficiency is between 10% to 20%. Βp is equal to Wa x βa + Wb x βb + ... Wn x βn. AnsAns: Gate voltage higher than the threshold voltage : Gate voltage higher than the threshold voltage an and the drain d the drain voltage is slightly higher than source voltage. However, the VOL increases when the ratio of βN/βP decreases and for a large βN/βP, the VOL approaches 0. This yields the equivalent circuit of Figure 5.2a. – plot of Vout as a function of Vin – vary Vin from 0 to VDD – find Vout at each value of Vin. … Wa represents the $ invested in A / total $ invested .. $ invested in A would be the number of shares x price per share ratio of βn/βp If βn/βp = 1, then switching point is Vdd/2 If W/L of both N and P transistors are equal Then βn/βp = μ n/ μ p = electron mobility / hole mobility This ratio is usually between 2 and 3 Means ratio of W ptree/W ntree needs to be between 2 and 3 for βn/βp= 1 For this class, we’ll use W ptree/W ntree = 2 If βn= βp and V. tn = - V. tp V. in = 0.5 V dd = V. out Since only at this point will the two β factors be equal. The curve shifts right if the ratio of βn/βp is lesser than 1(say 0.1). W/L ratio is directly proportional to β.The ratio βn/βp is crucial in determinig the transfer characteristic of the inverter.When the ratio is increased the transition shifts from left to right,but the output voltage transition remains sharp.For CMOS the ratio is desired to be 1 so that it requires equal … Mobility depends on _____ Option A: Transverse electric field Option B: Vg Option C: Vdd Option D: Channel length . The curves share the similar shape which is also the shape of a normal CMOS inverter. is high and equal to V DD, the NMOS transistor is on, while the PMOS is off. A direct path exists between V out and the ground node, resulting in a steady-state value of 0 V. On the other hand, when the input voltage is low (0 V), NMOS and PMOS transistors are off and on, respectively. size for all tx, can get betas equal by making Wp larger than Wn. The characteristics shifts left if the ratio of βn/βp is greater than 1(say 10). But for βn= βp the device geometries must be such that. – Vin, input voltage – Vout, output voltage VDD,ylppu srew poelgn–si ... βn =k'n p p n n p n L W k L W k ... , =1 ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = p n n p p n then L W L W β β μ μ since L normally min. high-power applications of more than 1W. If βn = βp, then Vin is equal to _____ Option A: Vdd Option B: Vss Option C: 2Vdd Option D: 0.5Vdd Q7. Since both transistors are in saturation, they act as current sources. In practice, output voltage swing is also limited to lower values to avoid transistor saturation. Vin = VDD + Vtp +Vtn (βn + βp)1/2 / 1+ (βn + βp)1/2. This is … In such a situation, as the drain voltage is increased the slope of the fluid flowing out increases indicating linear increase in the flow of … Efficiency is between 10 % to 20 % is also the shape of normal. Act as current sources 0.1 ) normal CMOS inverter lower values to avoid transistor.! Then L W L W... can get betas equal by making Wp larger than.... 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